Thomas de Quincey
(1785-1859)
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Thomas de Quincey
(1785-1859)
De Quincey wrote Confessions of an Opium
Eater to talk about his addiction to the drug and arguably
popularized the drug among many romantic writers in his time.
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James Marsh (1794-1846)
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Marsh developed the first chemical test for
identifying Arsenic, named the Marsh test. First publicly
used during a murder trial, Marsh used hydrogen sulfide and
hydrochloric acid to turn a sample yellow. To the left is
Marsh's test apparatus.
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Robert Christison
( 1797-1882)
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Robert Christison ( 1797-1882)
A prominent analytical toxicologist, Christison
experimented extensively with poisons and became a very knowledgeable
source on them at the time. He was appointed as medical officer
to the crown in Scotland and investigated numerous criminal
cases with his extensive knowledge of poisons.
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Claude Bernard
(1813-1878)
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Claude Bernard
(1813-1878)
Developing his own scientific method, Bernard
set out to rediscover how living organisms functioned based
on his own experimentation. Some of his investigations included
the digestive process, and the function of the liver.
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Ascanio Sobrero (1812-
1888)
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Ascanio Sobrero (1812- 1888)
Italian chemist, in 1847 discovered nitroglycerin,
a powerful explosive and vasodilator. His student Alfred Nobel
patented, commercialized, and profited from Sobrero's discoveries.
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Theodore G. Wormley
(1826-1897)
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Theodore G. Wormley
(1826-1897)
Wrote the first American book dedicated to
poisons in 1869 titled: Microchemistry of Poisons. Theodore
George Wormley was born in Wormleysburg, Pennsylvania on April
1, 1826.
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Joseph Caventou &
Pierre Pelletier 1820
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Arsenic Act of 1851
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Arsenic Act of 1851
With poisoning becoming a popular means of
murder, this act was passed to prevent the unintentional consumption
of arsenic by requiring producers to color their arsenic.
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Friedrich Gaedcke
- Cocaine – 1855
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Friedrich Gaedcke - Cocaine
– 1855
First isolated in 1855. isolated from leaves
of Erythroxylon coca, from Peru and Bolivia. Used
as anesthetic in 1860. Regulated in US by Harrison Act of
1915.
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"In 1885 the U.S. manufacturer Parke-Davis
sold cocaine in various forms, including cigarettes, powder,
and even a cocaine mixture that could be injected directly
into the user’s veins with the included needle."
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Louis Lewin
(1854-1929)
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Louis Lewin
(1854-1929)
German scientist Lewin took up the task of
classifying drugs and plants in accordance to their psychological
effects. The classifications were, Inebriantia (Inebriants),
Exitantia (Stimulants), Euphorica (Euphoriants), Hypnotica
(Tranquilizers), and Phantastica (Hallucinogens).
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Emil Fischer 1852-1919
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Saccharin - Constantine
Fahlberg - 1879
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Saccharin - 1879
Constantine Fahlberg discovered saccharin while working in
the laboratory of Ira Remsen in 1879.
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Ira Remsen, was born in New York City, February
10, 1846 and earned a Doctor of Medicine from College of Physicians
and Surgeons but worked as a chemist in Germany.
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Hugo Reinsch
(1842)
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Hugo Reinsch
(1842)
Reinsch, a german chemist, developed a series of tests for
detecting Arsenic and Mercury. |
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Chloroform
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Chloroform
1831 - First produced by French chemist
1847 – used as anesthetic during child birth - one of
the earliest anesthetic
Chloroform – discontinued as anesthetic
early 1900’s because of liver toxicity
ATSDR fact sheet chloroform
Scorecard
on chloroform
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Edward Jukes
(1822)
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Edward Jukes
(1822)
Jukes Experimented on himself with gastric
lavage.
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